CAUDAL VENOUS RETURN THROUGH A LEFT AZYGOS VEIN IN A DOG |
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| Authors: | Carl D. Sammarco BVSc Joan Regan VMD Cynthia R. Ward VMD PhD James D. Buchanan DVM M Med Sci |
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| Affiliation: | sections of Cardiology (CDS, JVB), Radiology (JR), and Medicine (CRW), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 |
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| Abstract: | The Clinical, radiologic and echocardiographic findings in a one-year old dog with mild subvalvular aortic stenosis and aberrant caudal vena circulation are described. Aberrant systemic venous return to the right side of the heart usually has little clinical significance, but the unusual features in survey radiographs, contrast angiograms and contrast echocardiograms constitute the reasons for this report. |
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| Keywords: | vena cava azygos vein dog contrast angiography echocardiography aortic stenosis |
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