低能氮离子注入桔梗种子的生物学效应研究

为研究低能氮离子(N⁺)注入对桔梗种子的生物学效应,以不同氮离子注入能量(25 KeV和35 KeV)和剂量0(CK)、2×10¹⁶、4×10¹⁶、6×10¹⁶、8×10¹⁶、10×10¹⁶、12×10¹⁶N⁺·cm^-2]对桔梗种子进行处理,通过测定M₀存活率探索最佳处理条件,并对桔梗进行形态学性状观察,筛选优异突变株,进一步通过ISSR分子标记分析桔梗突变体突变位点。结果表明,能量为25 KeV,剂量为12×10¹⁶ N⁺·cm^-2时,桔梗存活率最高,为77.0%。突变株的花形、花萼结构、花期和株高均发生了变化,主要表现为花萼向类似花瓣结构变化、花期延迟、植株变矮等;突变株的ISSR分析结果显示,20对引物共扩增出250个位点,其中多态性位点共87个,多态率为34.80%,平均每对引物可扩增出4.35条多态性片段。本研究结果为桔梗N⁺注入诱变育种提供了一定的理论参考。

Study on the Biological Effects of Low-energy Nitrogen Ions Implantation on Platycodon grandiflorusm Seeds

In order to study the effects of low-energy nitrogen ions injection on the Platycodon grandiflorus seed, the Platycodon grandiflorus seeds were treated by the Nitrogen ion beam with six doses,2,4,6,8,10,12×10¹⁶N⁺·cm^-2 respectively at 25 KeV and 35 KeV. The optimal treatment condition was explored by measuring the survival rate of M₀ generation, and the morphological characteristics were analyzed to select elite mutants. Furthermore, the ISSR molecular markers were employed to analysis the poly morphic loci of the mutant plants. The results showed that the highest survival rate was 77% with the treatment of 12×10¹⁶N⁺·cm^-2 at 25 KeV. In addition, phenotypes changes of the mutants include the flower type, flowering phase, and plant height were obseved, which like the sepal changed into petal, the delayed flowering phase and the shorter plants height. The ISSR analysis showed that 250 loci were amplified in total with 20 pairs of primers, among which 87 loci were polymorphism. The polymorphic rate was 34.80% and 4.35 polymorphism loci in average per pair of primers averagely. This study provides a reference for the mutation breeding of Platycodon grandiflorus by using N⁺ injection.