清代长白山地区土地利用/覆被变化驱动力及其环境效应

清代长白山地区土地利用/覆盖发生了剧烈的变化,是过去300年中国土地利用/覆盖变化(LUCC)最大的地区之一。笔者通过查阅历史文献、地方文献,分析了清代长白山地区土地开发过程、特点和趋动因子,指出了LUCC受自然和人类活动双重因素驱动。清朝政府对土地的开发政策、巨大的人口压力以及外国侵略者的入侵是清代长白山地区LUCC的重要驱动力。各驱动力以合力形式作用于土地利用/覆被使其变化,同时LUCC也对研究区的生态环境变迁产生了重要的影响。

LUCC Driving Force and Its Environmental Effects in Changbai Mountain During Qing Dynasty

The land use and cover change (LUCC) of Changbai Mountain changed dramatically during Qing dynasty, it was one of the regions which had the biggest LUCC in the past 300 years in China. The authors analyzed the land development process, characteristics and driving forces in Changbai Mountain during Qing dynasty based on historical documents and local literatures, and pointed out that LUCC was driven by both nature and human activity. Land development policy of Qing government, huge population pressure and the invasion of foreign aggressors were the main driving forces in Changbai Mountain. The driving forces jointly acted on LUCC, meanwhile, LUCC also had a significant impact on eco-environment change of the study area.