有机肥和生物炭对旱地土壤养分累积利用及小白菜生产的影响

为探明有机肥与生物炭对旱地作物种植及环境效应的影响,利用田间小区长期定位试验,研究了有机无机肥配施及添加生物炭对土壤养分变化、小白菜产量和品质以及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:与施纯化肥处理相比,有机无机肥配施并添加生物炭的土壤全氮、碱解氮、全钾、速效钾、速效磷、有机质分别提高0.52%、1.46%、0.44%、19.65%、1.58%、30.31%;氮、磷肥利用率分别提高了195.35%、307.3%。小白菜体内可溶性糖和氨基酸含量分别提高15.42%、26.24%;增产74.37%。有机无机肥配施且添加生物炭处理能有效提高土壤养分含量,促进小白菜地上部氮磷养分累积,提高小白菜产量,改善小白菜品质。

Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Biochar on Soil Nutrient Accumulation and Utilization and Chinese Cabbage Yield in Dryland

In order to investigate the impact of organic fertilizer and biochar on dryland crop plantation and environment, a long-term field plot experiment was conducted to study the effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer with biochar on the change of soil nutrients, Chinese cabbage yield and quality and fertilizer utilization rate. The results showed that compared with chemical fertilization treatment, combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer with biochar effectively increased the content of total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium, available phosphorus and organic matter by 0.52%, 1.46%, 0.44%, 19.65%, 1.58% and 30.31%, respectively. The utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus was increased by 195.35% and 307.3%. The contents of soluble sugar and amino acid in Chinese cabbage increased by 15.42% and 26.24%, and the yield increased by 74.37%. Therefore, the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer with biochar could effectively increase soil nutrient content, increase the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the aboveground part and improve the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage.