‘燕杏’梅栽培适生地和引种试验初步分析

多年生植物露地生长情况直接受到大气候条件的影响,根据气候相似性原理,通过进行不同地区气候因子的比较,可以快速地确定一个品种的适生地范围.该文采用适生地分析和引种试验相结合的方法,对‘燕杏’梅在中国北方的栽培适宜区进行了划分:①利用“生物适生地分析系统”进行水热分布相似距计算,以北京为中心,根据计算结果,对北方一定地区种植‘燕杏’梅的适宜程度划分了不同等级;②选择各等级代表点,在沈阳、太原、兰州、包头等地进行引种试验,结果表明‘燕杏’梅在沈阳、太原和兰州可以露地种植;③结合适生地计算结果和引种试验分析,沈阳、太原和兰州所在等级的区域可以作为‘燕杏’梅的适宜栽植区.该试验为植物引种和适生地分析提供了一个多快好省的方法.

Analysis of the planting adaptive areas and introduction for Prunus mume ‘Yanxing’

The growth of perennial plants is influenced directly by climate. Suitable planting areas for a specific cultivar can be determined by comparing the climates of different regions according to the principles of climatic comparability. The optimum planting areas in north China for the hardy cultivar Prunus mume ‘Yanxing’ were plotted out using the adaptation area analysis and introduction test. The adaptation areas in north China for ‘Yanxing’ were divided into grades according to the biology adaptation area analysis system, which analyzed the climatic analysis comparability distance using the variation in precipitation and temperature, with Beijing as the center. ‘Yanxing’ was planted in Shenyang, Taiyuan, Lanzhou and Baotou, which were different areas from different grades respectively. The results showed that ‘Yanxing’ could be adapted to the climates of Shenyang, Taiyuan and Lanzhou. Other areas with the same grades as Shenyang, Taiyuan or Lanzhou may also be adaptive for planting ‘Yanxing’. The results demonstrate that the methods in this paper could be a convenient and efficient way for plant introduction and adaptation area analysis.