黄河三角洲土地资源农业综合评价

应用陆地卫星TM 数据和数字图像处理技术,制出1∶10万假彩色增强图像,通过目视解译制图获得黄河三角洲土地评价单元图。在此基础上进行野外调查,收集资料,室内化验分析,得到土地评价的基础数据。用聚类分析把全区资源分为5个类型;用判别分析验证表明五类间的差异显著,同时,筛选出了土样全盐量、土壤有机质,表土质地、排水、灌溉条件等五项指标,建立了精度较高的土地评价模型;用主成分分析进行了适宜性分析,编绘出黄河三角洲土地资源图。研究表明:目前黄河三角洲地区适宜农、林生产的土地资源279.25万亩,占全区面积的32.8%,农业与林业之间用地矛盾突出;适宜牧业生产的土地资源437.74万亩,约占全区总面积的50%,面积大,但质量差,只适于劣质牧草生长,要发展牧业生产则需要对土地进行改良和投资。另外,盐光板地134万亩,约占总面积的16%,绿色植被覆盖利用这部分土地,对改善生态条件具有良好的作用,应给予重视。

LAND EVALUATION OF THE YELLOW RIVER DELTA REGION

Landsat thematic mapper(TM)data and digital image processing techniques wereused to interpretate and map land evaluation units in the Yellow River delta area.Land sur-vey,investigation and chemical analysis were made to obtain basical data of evaluation.The land resources in this area were divided into 5 classes through cluster analysis.Theclasses were tested by discriminant analysis with satisfactory results.Five factors ofevaluation including salt content,organic matter,texture,drainage and irrigation condi-tions were selected to built evaluation models.The classes of land qualities were distin-guished by using principal component analysis.The land resource suitabilities were dis-cussed according to A Framwork For Land Evaluation(FAO).The area suitable to agricul-ture and forestry now is about 2.79 million mu,32.8% of total area.The area suitable to pasture is 4.37 million mu,50% of total,but the quality is poor.To-developanimal husbandry,this kind of land is needed improving.There is 1.34 million mu,about16%,land unsuitable for crops,trees,grasses at present.