新疆奎屯地区不同团场牛源大肠杆菌耐药情况比较

为了解新疆奎屯地区不同团场牛源大肠杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药情况，比较不同养殖场之间牛源大肠杆菌的耐药差异，分别从新疆奎屯地区位于123团、127团和128团的牛场，用肛拭子在直肠采集粪样各30份，并分离大肠杆菌。采用微量肉汤稀释法，对分离出的大肠杆菌进行10种抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度的测定，通过卡方检验对不同养殖场牛源大肠杆菌耐药差异性进行比较分析。结果显示，128团对阿莫西林/克拉维酸（33.3%）和安普霉素（23.3%）耐药率相对较高；127团对氨苄西林（20.0%）、阿莫西林/克拉维酸（16.7%）和氟苯尼考（16.7%）耐药率相对较高；123团场对氨苄西林（13.3%）和安普霉素（13.3%）耐药率相对较高。卡方检验结果显示，127团对氟苯尼考和恩诺沙星的耐药率显著高于123团和128团（P<0.05）；128团对阿莫西林/克拉维酸和安普霉素的耐药率分别显著高于123团和127团（P<0.05）。不同团场多重耐药均以1～2耐为主。结果表明，新疆奎屯地区不同团场牛源大肠杆菌对多数被检药物的耐药率不高，仅对常用药物如阿莫西林/克拉维酸和安普霉素等具有较高耐药率，需在临床治疗细菌疾病时更换或避免使用此类抗菌药物。此外，各养殖场对被检抗菌药物的耐药情况不同，说明养殖场的用药极大程度影响细菌的耐药性。

Comparison of Drug Resistance of Escherichia coli from Different Cattle Farms in Kuitun Area of Xinjiang

In order to understand the resistance of E.coli to clinical antimicrobial drugs from different farms in Kuitun area of Xinjiang,the bovine fecal samples were collected using the anal swab and E.coli was isolated from 123 (30),127 (30) and 128 (30) farms,respectively.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of E coli isolated from fecal samples to 10 antimicrobial drugs were determined by agar dilution method and the difference of resistance rate of E.coli from different farms was compared by chi square test.The results showed that the resistance rates of 128 farm to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (33.3%) and apramycin (23.3%) were relatively high;The resistance rates of 127 farm to ampicillin (20.0%),amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (16.7%) and florfenicol (16.7%) were relatively high;The resistance rates of 123 farm to ampicillin (13.3%) and the apramycin (13.3%) were relatively high.The chi square test results showed that resistance rates of E.coli to florfenicol and enrofloxacin from 127 farm were significantly higher than that from 123 and 128 farms (P<0.05);The resistance rates of E.coli to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and apramycin from 128 farm were significantly higher than that from 123 and 127 farms (P<0.05),respectively.The most of the antibiotics resistance pattern of E.coli from different farms was 1 to 2 resistant.The results showed that the drug resistance rates of bovine E.coli in Kuitun was not high,while the resistance rates to commonly used drugs such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and apramycin were high.It suggested that this kinds of antimicrobial drugs should be replaced or avoid using to treat bacterial diseases.In addition,the antimicrobial resistance between farms was different,indicating the farms medicine would impact the drug resistance in bacteria.