2株弱血凝活性H9N2亚型禽流感病毒特性的研究

试验旨在对2株血凝活性较弱的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)进行病毒特性的研究。采用HA/HI、电镜观察、HA和NA测序等方法对2株分离株进行了病毒的鉴定;采用形态学、化学和生物学方法对这2株分离株进行研究。2株病毒被确定为A型H9N2亚型AIV;病毒粒子在透射电镜下为圆形、椭圆形、杆状并呈多型性,大小为80~120 nm;血凝素(HA)均为中等耐热型;病毒50 ℃均耐热;均能凝集公鸡和人O型红细胞,但凝集作用开始并未出现,而是随着病毒的传代逐渐恢复;均不凝集猪、牛、羊、兔和马红细胞;2株病毒均对乙醚、氯仿不敏感,只有1株病毒对酸敏感;病毒对鸡胚无致死性,EID₅₀均为1×10^-7/0.2 mL;经鼻腔途径感染小白鼠,均未导致小鼠出现症状和死亡,接种后第14天在小鼠血清中可检出相应病毒的抗体。研究结果表明,上海地区活禽交易市场存在对环境条件具有较强耐受性的H9N2亚型AIV。

Study on the Characteristics of Two Low Hemagglutinating Activity H9N2 AIV Strains

To study the characteristics of 2 low hemagglutinating activity H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) strains.2 strains were identified by HA/HI,electron microscope observation,HA and NA sequencing.The virus characteristics were studied by morphology,chemistry and biology.2 isolates were identified as H9N2 AIV.The observations demonstrated that the virions expressed various shapes of spherical,oval,elongated forms and polymorphism with diameters in a range of 80 to 120 nm.Hemagglutinin(HA) of the 2 strains was medium-stable to heat,and they were heat-resistant under 50 ℃.2 isolates could agglutinate cock and human O type red blood cells.The agglutination did not appear on the original isolates,but recovered with the passage of virus gradually.2 isolates did not agglutinate pig,cattle,sheep,rabbit and horse red blood cells.2 strains were not sensitive to the ether and chloroform,and only one isolate was sensitive to acids.2 strains were not fatal to the chicken embryo,and the EID₅₀ were both 1×10^-7/0.2 mL.The small White mice showed no clinical symptoms and no deaths after being inoculated with the viruses via respiratory route in our experiment.Serum antibody HI titers of the survived mice were measured after inoculated 14 d,and the antibody of H9N2 AIV were positive.Some tolerant H9N2 strains existed in live animal markets of Shanghai area.