新疆三地区肉牛养殖场土壤中重金属含量的测定与分析

为了解和评价新疆肉牛养殖场的环境,对新疆阿克苏和伊犁及塔城地区的肉牛养殖场土壤进行了重金属含量的测定。根据《畜禽场环境质量标准》(NY/T388-1999)等标准和规范,对3地区的8个肉牛养殖场的土壤采用原子吸收法进行重金属砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)的检测。结果显示,8个肉牛养殖场土壤中总As、总Hg、总Pb、总Cd、总Cr的平均值分别为0.389、0.568、22.708、0.573和149.449mg/kg,均低于《畜禽养殖产地环境评价规范》规定的最高限值。8个肉牛养殖场综合污染指数(P综)值为0.577~0.994,其中伊犁地区2个监测点和塔城地区1个监测点的土壤环境P综为0.7~1,土壤环境质量处在尚清洁水平;其余5个监测点P综均≤0.7,土壤环境处在清洁水平。结果表明,3地区肉牛养殖场的土壤环境均符合畜禽养殖产地环境规范和畜产品安全生产要求。

Determination and Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in the Soil from Beef Cattle Farms in Three Regions of Xinjiang

In order to study and evaluate the feeding environment of the beef cattle farms in Xinjiang, the contents of heavy mentals in the soil from 8 beef cattle farms in Xinjiang Aksu, Yili and Tacheng regions were tested according to the Field of Livestock and Poultry Environment Quality Standard (NY/T 388—1999).The atomic absorption spectroscopic method was used to determine the contents of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Cr.The mean contents of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Cr in 8 beef cattle farms soil were 0.389, 0.568, 22.708, 0.573 and 149.449 mg/kg, respectively, and they were all below the upper limit of NY/T 388—1999.The comprehensive heavy metal pollution index of 8 beef cattle farms were 0.577 to 0.994, and the index were 0.7 to 1 of two observation points in Yili and one observation point in Tacheng.The soil environment quality of these 3 farms were at the level of slight cleaning.The comprehensive heavy metal pollution index of other five observation points were ≤0.7, the soil environment was in a clean level.The soil environment of beef cattle farms in these three regions conformed to the standards of livestock for environment quality and safe products.