中药材土传病害拮抗木霉的筛选与应用初探

 用稀释平板法对51份来自不同地区、不同生态环境的丹参、川红花等10种主要川产道地中药材根际土样分离到62个木霉菌株;木霉种群以哈茨木霉（Trichoderma harzianum）为主,其次是桔绿木霉（T. citrinoriride）和拟康氏木霉（T. pseudokoningii）等。对峙法培养结果表明,木霉菌株T23,T56,T45对尖孢镰刀菌、立枯丝核菌均具有较强的拮抗作用。初步研究了T23 ,T56在田间对中药材的防病作用,木霉处理不仅能显著提高川红花、丹参的出苗率,且对其幼苗具有促生作用,对川红花枯萎病和丹参根腐病的相对防效均达50%以上。

Study on the Control of Medicinal Herbs'' Soil-Borne Disease by Trichoderma spp.

Sixty two isolates of Trichoderma spp. were obtained from the soils around rhizosphere of red-ginseng, chuan-safflower and other medicinal herbs growing in various entironment.The main Trichoderma population are T.harzianum, T.citrinoriride and T.pseudokoningii in these soils. Of these isolates,T23,T45 belonging to T.harzianum and T56 belonging to T.citrinoriride effectively controlled Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani, repressed 55.8%～75.1% growth rate of mycelium, the control effects on chuan-safflower wilt and red-ginseng root rot were above 50% in the field,at the some time, and they also stimulate the emergence of red-ginseng and chuan-safflower.