秋石斛兰F_1代主要观赏性状的遗传表现

以秋石斛兰为亲本,配制成6个杂交组合,对杂交F_1代的植株性状、花部性状和开花期进行统计分析。结果表明,杂种F_1代的株幅、叶宽、花梗长、花径等4个数量性状的平均值分别占中亲值的99.63%、96.18%、97.01%和99.77%,均较中亲值有所下降,表现出一定程度的衰退现象,但由于组合内存在一定的变异幅度,选育植株较大、花径较大或花梗更长的个体是可能的;在植株的株高、叶长、单枝花朵数、花色及始花期等方面表现出超亲优势,尤其是单枝花朵数和花色遗传优势明显;在花色遗传上,无论是以白色花还是以红色系列花作母本,F_1代均表现为红色系列且分离广泛,表明红色系列遗传能力更强。

Genetic Performance of Main Ornamental Traits in F1 Hybrids of Dendrobium hybrida

The genetic performance of some characters such as plant,flower and flowering period in F1 generation with six crosses in Dendrobium hybrida was studied. The results showed that the plant width, leaf width, peduncle length and flower diameter in F1 generation declined, whose mean was 99.63%, 96.18%, 97.01% and 99.77% of parents respectively, but the overparent individuals still existed in plant width or flower diameter or peduncle length. The genetic heritability of plant height, leaf length, flower number, flower color and early flowering period was strong, especially flower number and flower color. F1 generation showed red series and separated widely on the flower color whether maternal parents were white flowers or red ones, which suggested that the genetic ability of red color trait was stronger.