糖化玉米秸秆对22～42日龄肉鸡生长性能、养分代谢率、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

本试验旨在探讨糖化玉米秸秆(SCS)对22~42日龄肉鸡生长性能、养分代谢率、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响。选择22日龄健康的雌性爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡200只,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加4%(Ⅰ组)、8%(Ⅱ组)和12%(Ⅲ组)的SCS。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肉鸡平均日采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组肉鸡末重和平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)各组之间能量、干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷、中性洗涤纤维和半纤维素代谢率差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅱ和Ⅲ组酸性洗涤纤维、纤维素代谢率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)各组之间屠宰率、腿肌率和腹脂率差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组全净膛率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组胸肌率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅰ和Ⅲ组胸肌45 min pH显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组胸肌滴水损失显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组腿肌滴水损失显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组腿肌熟肉率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组胸肌剪切力显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。Ⅰ组胸肌红度(a*)值显著低于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组腿肌a*值显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,22~42日龄肉鸡饲粮中添加SCS能够促进肉鸡生长,提高全净膛率,但对肉品质有一定的影响,表明饲粮中添加4%~12%的SCS替代能量饲料是可行的。

Effects of Saccharified Corn Straw on Growth Performance,Nutrient Metabolic Rates,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Broilers Aged from 22 to 42 Days

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of saccharified corn straw(SCS)on growth performance,nutrient metabolic rates,slaughter performance and meat quality of broilers aged from 22 to 42 days.A total of 200 healthy 22-day-old female Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 4%(groupⅠ),8%(groupⅡ)and 12%(groupⅢ)SCS,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily feed intake of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the final weight and average body gain of groupⅡwere significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in feed to gain ratio among all groups(P>0.05).2)There were no significant differences in metabolic rates of energy,dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,calcium,phosphorus,neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose among all groups(P>0.05).The metabolic rates of acid detergent fiber and cellulose of groupsⅡandⅢwere significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).3)There were no significant differences in dressing percentage,leg muscle percentage and abdominal fat percentage among all groups(P>0.05).The eviscerated percentage of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the breast muscle percentage of groupⅠwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).4)The 45 min pH in breaset muscle of groupsⅠandⅢwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The drip loss in breast muscle of groupⅢwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the drip loss in leg muscle of groupⅢwas significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).The cooked meat rate in leg muscle of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The shear force in breast muscle of groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).The redness(a*)value in breast muscle of groupⅠwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the a*value in leg muscle of groupⅢwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary SCS supplementation of broilers aged from 22 to 42 days can improve the growth of broilers,increase the eviscerated percentage,but has a certain effect on meat quality,it is indicated that dietary supplementation of 4%to 12%SCS replace energy feed is feasible.