玉米自交系子粒大小和形状分类及其与营养成分相关分析

使用包含丰富遗传变异的508份玉米自交系对玉米子粒大小和形状等8个性状进行考察，分析其在不同遗传材料间的分布差异，基于该群体建立子粒大小的分类指标，研究子粒大小和形状与子粒营养间的相关性。结果表明，子粒大小和形状等8个性状的平均变异系数（CV）为10.8%，其中，粒长变异大于粒厚和粒宽；粒厚和粒宽呈高度正相关，粒厚和粒长呈较强负相关，同时粒长和粒宽相关不显著；子粒整体大小在不同类群中的变异较小，粒长、粒厚、粒宽长比等形状性状在不同类群中差异显著，其中，坚秆综合群材料的子粒偏长、偏薄，热带/亚热带及非坚秆综合群材料的子粒偏宽、偏厚。508份自交系被分为特大粒、大粒、中粒、小粒和特小粒5个类别，子粒大小和形状等8个性状和子粒营养的相关性都较弱，且大部分为负相关，表明子粒大小和形状不是决定子粒营养的主要因素。

Classification of Maize Kernel Size and Shape & Investigation of Their Correlations with Grain Nutrition

This study used 508 inbred lines to investigate 8 traits such as kernel size and shape; and compared their distribution among different maize germplasms. Further, the classification indicator of kernel size was established, and the relationship between the kernel size and grain nutrition was investigated. The average coefficient of variation(CV) of 8 traits was 10.8%. The kernel thickness and width were highly positively correlated, while kernel thickness and length were negatively correlated, and the correlation between kernel length and width was not significant, suggesting that the variation of kernel in the length dimension is more specific. The overall kernel size varied little between materials from different germplasms, while the kernel length, kernel thickness, kernel width- tolength ratio showed significant differences. The 508 inbred lines were divided into 5 categories:extra-large, large, medium, small, and extra-small. The correlation between 8 kernel size and shape traits and grain nutrition is weak, and the most of them are negatively correlated, indicating that kernel size and shape are not the main factors that determine grain nutrition.