Impact of Chemical Substances on 137Cs Accumulation in Spring Wheat Seedlings and Their Cell Nuclei Reactions

The aim of the present work was to determine peculiarities of accumulation of ionic state ¹³⁷Cs in model experiments with seedlings of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., ??Nandu??) using laboratory experiments and to evaluate the complex effect of ¹³⁷Cs ionizing radiation and geochemical factors on the growth of this plant. ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in seedlings is influenced by the presence of mineral substances in the nutritional medium and by the conditions of illumination. Mineral substances (K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cu²⁺, NH ₄ ⁺ , P⁵⁺, Fe³⁺) reduced the ¹³⁷Cs accumulation coefficient of seedlings approximately three times. Addition of heavy metals as well as anionic group NO ₃ ^? to the growth medium caused insignificant changes in the level of radionuclide accumulation. In the model systems of RNA synthesis with wheat seedling cells nuclei isolated after complex treatment (in vivo) by ¹³⁷Cs and HM showed clear inhibition of the RNA-polymerase II. This inhibition manifested itself as a complex effect of ¹³⁷Cs ionizing radiation and heavy metals.