石油污染物对山东省三种类型土壤微生物种群及土壤酶活性的影响

利用胜利油田开采区的含油污泥,对山东省三种主要类型的土壤混入不同含量的含油污泥后造成的微生态变化进行了试验研究,从土壤微生物种群数量和土壤酶活性的角度评价了含油污泥对土壤生态系统的影响。结果表明三种不同类型的土壤,其微生物区系和部分土壤酶活性受不同含量的石油污染物影响程度不同。其中棕壤的微生物区系受土壤总石油烃TPH(Total petroleum hydrocarbon)的变化影响较小,对石油烃造成的微生态影响的修复能力较强,可以作为植物修复石油污染土壤的首要选择土壤类型。石油烃含量对三大类微生物类群变化的影响,以放线菌最为显著,当土壤石油烃含量为500mgkg-1时,潮土、褐土和棕壤的放线菌总数分别下降了80%、85%和89%,石油烃含量对褐土和棕壤真菌数量的影响较小。三种类型土壤淀粉酶和脲酶酶活性随石油烃含量的变化表明,潮土和褐土的淀粉酶酶活性受石油烃含量影响显著,可以作为这两类土壤石油污染程度的敏感生化指标。

Impacts of petroleum pollutants on microbial population and enzyme activity in three different types of soils in Shandong Province

Micro-ecological response of three types of soils in Shandong Province to incorporation of oily sludge were studied.Soil microbial population and enzyme activity were used as indice to evaluate effects of petroleum-containing soil on soil ecosystem. Results show that the effects of petroleum pollution on soil microbial flora and soil enzyme activity varied with the type of soil. It was found that brown soil was the strongest in self-restoration capability and the least affected in microbial flora by total p...