三江平原湿地生态环境建设刍议

在阐述了三江平原概况的基础上，分析了三江平原温地变化所带来的生态问题；湿地面积锐减、功能退化；生物多样性降低；水土流失与土地退化；气候恶化；水土污染等；指出三江平原湿地受破坏的主要原因有区域气候的变化、不合理的开发利用、人口的压力等。提出了该区域湿地资源保护与可持续利用对策；建立三江平原湿地资源信息系统；加强湿地类型自然保护区的建设和管理；调整产业结构、大力发展生态农业；实施退耕还湿、恢复湿地生态系统的结构和功能；处理好工业、农业、城市化与湿地的关系；加强宣传教育。

The Discussion on the Construction of Ecological Environment in Sanjiang Plain

Sanjiang plain is the biggest freshwater wetland in China, and it plays an important role in regional ecological environment construction. Based on expatiating the general situation of Sanjiang plain, the ecological problems due to the variation of Sanjiang wetland were analyzed, including the area decreasing of wetland and the degradation of its function, the decreasing of biodiversity, the losing of water and soil, the variation of climate, the pollution of soil and water. It suggested that the regional climate changing, unreasonable exploitation and the tension of population are the reasons that the Sanjiang plain was destroyed. The strategy of protection and sustainable development of wetland resources was put forward, such as establishing information system of Sanjiang wetland resources, strengthening the construction and management of wetland natural reserve, adjusting the structure of industry, developing the ecological agriculture, giving up cultivation to wetland in order to resume the structure and function of ecological system, coordinating the relationship between wetland and industry, agriculture as well as city development, and enhancing propagandizing and education.