美国风景资源管理系统及方法

本文对美国的风景资源管理（ＶＲＭ）系统及其内容和方法做了结构性的介绍。文中概述了风景资源管理系统形成的背景、研制目的、理论依据和应用范围。全文重点论述了系统的结构框架和包括构成ＶＲＭ的风景景色质量评价、敏感水平、视觉管理目标以及视觉影响评估等几个主要方面的内容。最后从应用和方法论方面对现行的系统进行了评价。

A Review of Visual Resources Management System and Methodology in USA

This paper provides an overview of visual resource management(VRM) systemin USA.VRM system,which was based on the formal aesthetics and was widely used forvisual inventory and analysis,visual management objectives set,and visual impact assessment,was developped during the late 1970s and the early 1980s as the results of the publicconcern about the increasing blight of visual landscape as well as some relevant legislation calling for the consideration of visual or aesthetic values of environment as part of the environmental decision-making process.The emphasis of the paper is placed upon the mainpartsof VRM systems,including:1) scenery classification(to evaluate landscape scenicquality);2) sensitivity levels(to analyse the visual hoportance);3) visual management objectives(to limit and control the range and scale of human development activies);4) visualimpact assessment(to predict the visual impact severity of major projects on landscape setting and provide some proper guidelines for modification and redesign).The paper alsopresents an evaluation on the application and methodological issues of VRM systems,indicating some major defects and weakness.The author indicates that it is neccessary to coordinate the new techniques and methods with our existing situation,which may promote thedevelopment of visual resources management work in China.