渐危植物格木群落动态及其保护对策

格木(Erythrophleum fordii)是列入中国植物红皮书第一册的我国二级重点保护的珍稀渐危植物之一，根据1995年和2002年对鼎湖山格木群落的全面调查数据分析表明：(1)随着格木群落不同种类的种群数量不断消长，黄果厚壳桂(Cryptocarya concinna)、厚壳桂(C．chinensis)种群将有替代格木的优势地位的趋势；(2)格木和黄果厚壳桂都具有较强的竞争能力，且格木与黄果厚壳桂利用空间资源相似，种间竞争程度较高，黄果厚壳桂种群是格木种群有力竞争者；(3)虫害干扰使格木种群在群落中的优势地位增强。因此，在群落尺度下，格木种群保护仅靠封育可能达不到保护目的，通过对格木群落动态发展规律的了解和格木在群落中的地位认识，配合科学的人工干扰措施，降低竞争程度才可能积极有效地保护野生格木种群。

Dynamics of Erythrophleum Fordii Community and Conservation Strategies

Erythrophleum fordii is one of precious endangered plant species listed in the second grade of protected roster in Chinese Plant Red Book I. How to protect the rare population effectively in situ is the main aim of this study. By analysis on investigated data of E. fordii community in 1995 and 2002, some results were obained: (1) Based on dynamics of population sizes in community succession, populations of Cryptocarya concinna and C. chinensis had the trend to replace Erythrophleum fordii as the most dominant species in the future. (2) From niche breadth and niche overlap analysis of species in the community, Erythrophleum fordii and Cryptocarya concinna share similar space source. The competition between them was intensive to seize space source. (3) Disturbance of insect outbreak changed the trend, decreased the populations of Cryptocarya concinna and C. chinensis enhanced the dominant status of E. fordii. Considering the situation above, it is thought that relying on enclosure management to the community could not reach the aim of increasing the population of Erythrophleum fordii. For protecting the endangered species effectively, an initiative disturbing measure should be taken to decrease the competitive degree between Erythrophleum fordii and other main species in the community based on knowing the trend of the community succession and the main competitors to Erythrophleum fordii.