植物冠层氮素淋失研究进展

 植物冠层在养分循环及改变养分流量方面的作用，是当前国内、外研究的重点和热点课题。本文在综合评述前人研究的基础上，对植物冠层氮素淋失及其影响因素进行了分析，指出现有研究中存在的不足，提出了下一步应重点研究的问题：（1）进一步完善测定方法，开展对农田植物冠层氮素淋失的研究；（2）如果确定农田植物存在冠层氮素淋洗，需明确冠层氮素淋洗形态，并与不同氮效率基因型联系起来进行研究；（3）开展揭示植物冠层氮素淋失途径与过程的机理研究，特别是应该将不同生育期叶面积、气孔密度、气孔导度、叶片自由空间和自由空间中可溶性氮素等可能影响冠层氮素淋洗的指标与冠层氮素淋洗相联系进行研究，有利于揭示冠层氮素淋失机理，对冠层氮素淋失赋予理论支持。

Advances in Nitrogen Loss Leached by Precipitation from Plant Canopy

The function of canopy in change of nutrient cycle and flux is one of the research focuses in recent years. On a basis of comprehensive appraisal of published researches, the nitrogen loss leaching from plant canopy and several factors which affected it were studied. The inadequacy of published researches and the key problems that ought to be solved were put forward: (1) The measuration need to be improved, and should carry out researches on nitrogen loss leaching from canopy of field plant; (2) Carry out researches on the type of nitrogen loss if the nitrogen is leached from plant canopy, and the nitrogen use efficiency of different varieties should be combined with nitrogen leaching researches; (3) Carry out the mechanism research on pathway and progress of nitrogen leaching, and the factors affecting nitrogen leaching should be included in the research, such as the leaf area of different growth stages, stomata density, stomata conductance and apparent free space, which are beneficial to explain the mechanism of nitrogen leaching from plant canopy, should be correlated with the research.