不同小麦品种成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化的研究

以长江流域及华中地区推广的24个小麦品种为材料，分析、比较其成熟胚在3种诱导培养基和1种分化培养基上的愈伤诱导和分化频率。结果表明：不同诱导培养基在愈伤诱导率上存在显著差异，添加ABA的MB5培养基诱导效果最佳；不同小麦品种对培养条件的反应不同，华9943、华9914等4个品种在3种培养基上的诱导频率相同，而其余品种在3种培养基上的愈伤诱导率差异极显著。在分化绿点和成苗率上，品种间差异十分明显，农大146、苏麦6号、扬麦158、华麦12号和华麦8号的再生力强。因此，在小麦成熟胚培养中，筛选优良的基因型培养基组合是必要的。

Comparison of callus induction and regeneration of mature embryos derived from elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) varieties

Mature embryos of 24 elite wheat varieties selected from Yangtze river valley and the central region of China were investigated for the frequencies of callus induction and differentiation under various culture conditions to screen best combinations of culture media and wheat varieties. The results revealed that different induction media had a significant impact on the callus induction of mature embryos. Among the three media,MB5 supplemented with ABA induced the highest numbers of calli. Different varieties showed significantly different responses under various culture conditions. There are four wheat varieties including Hua9943 and Hua9914 that displayed comparable induction frequencies in three induction media, whereas the remaining varieties showed a significantly different response in different media. Different varieties varied very significantly in their differentiations of green spot and plant regeneration. Several varieties such as Nongda146, Sumai3, Yangmai158, Huamai12 and Huamai8 exhibited much higher regeneration rate than others. Our results suggested that it is important to screen best combinations of medium and genotype in the culture of wheat mature embryos for callus induction and plant regeneration.