甘肃小麦白粉病抗源材料的筛选及抗病基因库的组建

2002-2005年,对收集到的30份已知抗白粉病基因载体品种在甘肃省的不同生态区进行了抗病性监测,结果表明:Pm1、Pm3 a、Pm3 b、Pm3 c、Pm3 f、Pm4 a、Pm5、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm17在田间抗病性丧失,失去利用价值;Pm2、Pm19、Pm4+8、Pm4、Pm5+6、Pm13在田间抗病性较低,不宜单独作为亲本利用;Pm1+2+9、Pm2+6、Pm2+mld、Pm2+talent、Pm4+2 x、Pm4 b、Pm4 b+5、Pm20、Pm21、Pmxbd在田间抗性表现良好,在今后的育种工作中应充分加以利用。同时经过4年抗病性监测,从省内外2 638份小麦品种(系)材料中筛选出了抗病性强、综合农艺性状优良的92R137、贵农21等优异材料10余份,初步组建了抗白粉病基因库。文中还对抗病基因现状和利用及今后如何避免由于抗源单一化带来的白粉病流行进行了初步探讨。

Selection of resistance sources to powdery mildew on wheat in Gansu and set-up of their gene banks

To evaluate the resistant genes of 30 samples collected in Gansu during 2002-2005,which were known to carry resistant genes to powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis(DC) Speer,we planted these varieties(lines) in 9 counties to identified their resistance at adult stage.The results showed that Pm1,Pm3a,Pm3b,Pm3c,Pm3f,Pm4a,Pm5,Pm6,Pm7,Pm8 and Pm17 had no resistance to the isolates tested,providing no applicable value in breeding,and Pm2,Pm19,Pm4+8,Pm4,Pm5+6 and Pm13,with low resistance,should not be utilized as resistant sources either,but Pm1+2+9,Pm2+6,Pm2+mld,Pm2+talent,Pm4+2x,Pm4b,Pm4b+5,Pm20,Pm21 and Pmxbd had very high resistance to B.graminis and might be applied as resistant sources.At the same time,according to the resistance-screening of 2 638 varieties(lines) in China,651 of which,such as Guinong29,92R137 and so on,had high resistance to Erysiphe graminis f.sp tritici.The gene bank of powdery mildew had been set up.The ways how they should be utilized effectively were also discussed in this paper.