气候变化对湿地生态环境及生物多样性的影响

湿地生态系统是地球上最丰富的生态系统之一,具有丰富的生物多样性,为工业、农业、能源、医疗业等提供大量生产原料,同时又能贮藏水源、调节洪水、补给地下水、净化水质,对人类具有巨大的环境和社会价值。近年来,人类活动造成的气候变化越来越明显,湿地生态环境又非常脆弱,极易受气候变化影响,尤其是温度升高和降水量减少,都会对湿地的生态环境产生重大影响,从而导致生物多样性减少、湿地退化甚至消失。本文从多方面论述了气候变化对湿地生态环境及生物多样性的影响,为湿地保护和利用提供参考。

Impact of Climate Change on Wetland Ecological Environment and Biodiversity

Wetland is one of the richest ecosystems on the earth.It supports high levels of biodiversity and provides lots of raw materials for industry,agriculture,energy,and healthcare and so on.Meanwhile,wetland can store water sources,ameliorate floods,recharge groundwater and purify water quality,and thus has enormous environmental and socioeconomic benefits for humanity.In recent years,climate change caused by human activities has become more and more obvious.The wetland ecological environment is very fragile,vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.Particularly,temperature increase and precipitation reduction will have a significant impact on the ecological processes of wetlands,thus resulting in biodiversity reduction,wetland degradation or even disappearance.In this paper,the impact of climate change on wetland ecological environment and biodiversity is discussed from various aspects.It can provide reference for the wetland protection and utilization.