燃用植物油柴油机的改进及耐久性试验研究

植物油黏度比较大，挥发性比较差，很难直接在柴油机上使用。该文通过对L28柴油机进行调整改进，提高喷油压力和加装燃油加热装置，进行燃用植物油的耐久性试验，考察柴油机燃烧植物油的可行性。试验过程中发现了柴油机长时间燃用植物油存在的一些问题，并对耐久试验前后的燃油消耗率、碳烟和排气温度进行了对比和分析。试验结果表明：柴油机长时间燃用植物油，会在油嘴、气门、活塞头部、气缸套顶部产生积炭；植物油渗漏污染机油；燃用植物油运行100h后，其燃油消耗率、碳烟及排气温度的变化不大。

Improved design and durability test of diesel engine fueled with vegetable oil

Because of the higher viscosity and the worse volatility,the diesel engine can hardly perform normally using neat vegetable oil. The durability test of L28 diesel engine fueled with vegetable oil was completed after the fuel injection pressure was increased and a fuel pre-heating device was installed. The feasibility was discussed and the diesel engine problems caused by fueling with vegetable oil for a long time were pointed out. The specific fuel consumption, smoke and exhaust temperature before and after the durability test were compared and analyzed. The results show that after 100 hours full load running, there are heavy carbon deposit in the nozzle, valve, piston head and cylinder top; the lubricating oil is polluted by the leaked vegetable oil; there are little change in fuel consumption, smoke and exhaust temperature.