3个鲤群体杂交后代生长性状的灰色关联及复合杂交后代的体重预测分析

为了更好地了解和利用杂种优势,并在此基础上期望从可能产生的多个复合杂交组合中寻找可能的优良组合。实验通过建立回归模型、方差组分剖分、灰色关联度、比较不同方法的预测效果对建鲤、黄河鲤、黑龙江野鲤3个鲤群体双列杂交F₁代杂种优势的利用进行了分析。结果表明,(1) 未考虑PIT标记和考虑PIT标记时所测性状对体重影响作用不同。结合灰色关联度分析表明,2个时期的体长(体长和标记体长)对体重均有影响；(2) 不同组合、组合内家系间以及初始体重和雌性的互作固定效应显著；(3) 3种不同预测方法的分析表明,组合Hyj,Hjy和JJh可在复合育种时优先考虑。实验结果表明,杂交F₁代体重与初始体重和性别(尤其是雌性)的互作、标记体长对体重的影响要在实际育种中引起足够的重视；复合杂交可提高杂种优势的利用率。

Grey correlated degree analysis of growth trait of hybrids from 3 common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)varieties and prediction on body weight of offspring from multiple crosses

In order to understand and utilize heterosis and select the perfect one of numerous combination by multiple crosses,the present study attempts to analyse the utilization of heterosis by building the regression model,variance components,grey correlated degree,and comparing the prediction results through different methods based on the phenotype analysis of growth traits of 3?3 full diallel cross of common carp(Cyprinus carpio)(Jian carp,Huanghe carp and Heilongjiang carp).The results showed that:(1) The two formulas of functions were different by considering the tagging traits or not.Body length and tagging length had significant influence on body weight by creating multiple stepwise regression model together with grey correlated degree analysis;(2) Significant fixed effects of combination,combination(family)and initial weight(iw)?dam were observed;(3) combination Hyj,Hjy and JJh should be considered first in the compound breeding program.This illustrated that fixed effects of initial weight(iw)?dam,tagging length should be considered.The results also showed that utilization of heterosis can be increased by multiple crosses.