新冠疫情对牧区半牧区草原畜牧业的影响及建议

基于全国13个省(区)牧区和半农半牧区的线上调研数据,定量分析了新冠疫情发生对农牧民生活和生产的影响。结果表明:疫情对牧区半牧区生产生活带来一定影响,但整体来看影响低于东南沿海地区。储备饲草料习惯、家畜饲养规模和家庭净收入对农牧民抵御疫情影响的能力具有显著影响。牧区半牧区发展在此次抗击新冠疫情中表现出一定的适应能力,是我国牧区政策、牧区地缘优势和农牧民生产生活习惯共同作用的结果。针对牧区存在的风险与发展短板,从完善牧区政策和市场条件、创新生产模式和社会化服务模式及加强基础建设等方面提出建议,以期为牧区半牧区草原畜牧业平稳有序发展提供科技支撑。

Impact of Coronavirus-19 on Grassland Animal Husbandry in Farming-pastoral Region and Relevant Suggestions

Based on the online survey data of the farming-pastoral region, the impact of coronavirus-19 epidemic on herdsmen life and production was analyzed. The results show that the epidemic of this disease had negative impact on herdsmen life and production in farming-pastoral region, which was less than that in southeastern coastal areas. Habits of reserving forage, the scale of livestock and the net household income had significant effects on the adaptive capability of farmers and herdsmen in dealing with the epidemic. The development of farming-pastoral region had some advantages in dealing with the epidemic, which is the combination of policies, geographic advantages and famer habits in this area. According to risks and development shortage in the farming-pastoral region, the present research provided suggestions on the improvement of policy, market condition, innovative production pattern, social service model and infrastructure, which can offer scientific and technological support for the steady development of grassland livestock husbandry in the farming-pastoral region.