谷子EMS矮秆突变体的产量性状分析

为丰富谷子遗传多样性和突变体库材料,本研究采用1%浓度的甲基硫磺乙酯(EMS)诱变晋谷40号 10 h, 在谷子生育期间对突变体M1和M2代材料进行表型性状调查。结果表明,共获得332株表型差异突变型单株,这些突变体类型主要包括株高、穗型、茎粗、育性、刚毛、抗拿扑净、颖壳色、抽穗期、穗轴、粒色、穗紧实度、抗逆性、穗重等;对数量性状的表型指标进行变异分析,其中株高的变异系数最大,为41.25%,抽穗期的变异系数最小,为11.03%;对20份矮秆突变体材料进行产量性状分析,发现E-13、E-58和E-98可作为矮秆、早熟、高产的材料;突变体中发现褐米色、抗拿扑净等优质、适宜产业化的材料。本研究构建的谷子突变体库具有丰富的突变类型,为谷子分子遗传学和育种提供了优异的基础材料。

Analysis of Yield Characters of EMS Dwarf Mutant in Foxtail Millet

To enrich the genetic diversity and mutant library material of foxtail millet, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) at 1% concentration was used to mutagenize Jingu 40 for 10 hours in the study, the M1 and M2 generations of the mutant material were investigated for phenotypic traits during the growth period of foxtail millet. The results showed that a total of 332 phenotypically different mutant plants were obtained, and these mutant types mainly included plant height, spike type, stem diameter, fertility, bristles, anti-sethoxydim, glume color, heading date, spike stalk, grain color, spike compactness, stress resistance, spike weight, and etc; the phenotypic indicators of quantitative traits were analyzed for variance, with the highest coefficient of variation of 41.25% for plant height and the lowest coefficient of variation of 11.03% for tassel stage; 20 dwarf mutant materials were analyzed for yield traits, and E-13, E-58 and E-98 were found to be dwarf, early maturing and high yielding materials; the mutants were found to have specific and suitable materials for industrialization, such as brown-beige and anti-sethoxydim. The foxtail millet mutant library constructed in this study has a rich variety of mutation types, which provide excellent basic materials for molecular genetics and breeding of foxtail millet.