模糊数学在洪湖富营养化评价中的应用

为了更准确地反映洪湖营养化状态，为更有效地管理湖泊提供决策依据，选取模糊数学方法对洪湖的河流入湖区、养殖区、开阔水体、湿地保护区及全湖的营养化状态作了评价，并用该方法评价结果与综合营养状态指数法评价结果作了比较，洪湖入湖区的总磷、总氮、高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素a和透明度的监测结果分别是0．126mg·L^-1，1．86mg·L^-1，5．16mg·L^-1，3．70μg·L^-1。和0．95m；养殖区为0．079mg·L^-1，1．77mg·L^-1，5．41mg·L^-1，3．00μg·L^-1和0．81m；开阔区为0．056mg·L^-1，1．32mg·L^-1，5．06mg·L^-1，2．60μg·L^-1和0．61m；保护区为0．050mg·L^-1，1．04mg·L^-1，4．91mg·L^-1，3．23μg·L^-1和0．92m；全湖为0．065mg·L^-1，1．41mg·L^-1，5．20mg·L^-1，3．30μg·L^-1和0．73m。模糊数学方法评价的结果是：河流入湖区与养殖区轻度富营养化，开阔水体、湿地保护区和全湖中营养。综合营养状态指数法的评价结果是：河流入湖区轻度富营养化，养殖区、开阔水体、湿地保护区和全湖中营养。结合监测结果可判断：模糊数学评价法的评价结果比综合营养状态指数法的结果与实际情况更吻合，洪湖全湖有富营养化趋势。

Fuzzy mathematics for evaluation of eutrophic levels in Honghu Lake of Hubei Province

Trophic levels of Honghu Lake in Hubei Province were determined for more effective referencing and decision-making with lake management. Total phosphorus（TP）, total nitrogen（TN）, chemical oxygen demand for manganese, secchi disk, depth （SD）, and chlorophll-a （chl-a） for the inlet, breeding, open water, and wetland protection regions as well as the whole of Honghu Lake were measured. Then results of the fuzzy mathematics method were compared to the comprehensive trophic level index method, and these were evaluated against the data. Results of the fuzzy mathematics method showed that the inlet and breeding regions were slightly eutrophic, whereas the other three locations were mesotrophic. However, the comprehensive trophie level index method revealed that the inlet region was slightly eutorphic, while the other four locations were mesotrophic. Data collected showed that the fuzzy mathematics method was closer to the actual levels than the comprehensive trophic level index method, and that the entire lake was becoming eutrophic.