不同类型土壤对青蒿生长和生理特性的影响

在温室里对青蒿进行盆栽,研究4种不同类型土壤对青蒿生长、生理特性的影响。试验结果显示:种植于黄色沙壤土和黑色壤土的青蒿出苗时间、株高、茎粗、分枝数、冠幅、生物产量优于红色壤土和白色粘土,但前两者之间以及后两者之间差异并不显著。从生理状况来看,种植于黑色沙壤土的青蒿叶片叶绿素、丙二醛含量、过氧化物酶活性虽然相对较低,但可延长植株的衰老时间,保持较长的生长期。从青蒿素来看,以种植于白色粘土的青蒿叶片、花蕾与种子的青蒿素含量最高,黄色沙壤土次之,黑色壤土最低;各时期叶片以7月底和9月中旬的青蒿素含量最高。因此,以收获青蒿素为目的时,考虑到总生物量和植株单位质量青蒿素含量,认为将青蒿种植于黄色沙壤土最好。

Effects of different types of soil on the growth and physiological characteristics of Artemisia annua L.

In the experiment,Artemisia annua L.was cultivated in different soil in pot in greenhouse to study the effects of four different soils on the growth,physiological characteristics of Artemisia annua L.The results showed that the emergence time,plant height,stalk diameter,branches,canopy width and fresh weight of Artemisia annua L.which grew in yellow sand soil and black soil were superior to that in red soil and white clay.However,the difference of these indexes between the former two soils was not significant,and the same as the latter two.As compared to other soil types,although the chlorophyll a b content,malondialdehyde(MDA) content and peroxidase(POD) activity in leaves of Artemisia annua L.cultivated in black soil was lower,but the senescent time of the plants was prolonged and could keep a longer growth period.Among different types of soil and different periods,the artemisinin content in leaves,flower buds and seeds of Artemisia annua L.grown in the white clay was the highest,the next was the yellow sand soil and the lowest was in the black soil.The artemisinin content in leaf was higher on the last ten days of July and the middle ten days of September.Therefore,considering the total biomass and artemisinin content of plant unit mass,planting Artemisia annua L.in yellow sand soil was the best as the final aim was to get artemisinin.