籼糯稻产量性状及育种分析

为了提高常规籼糯稻育种和栽培水平及效率，通过相关和通径分析，研究40个早籼糯以及61个晚籼糯新品系和品种的产量性状对产量的效应及其相互关系，并结合育种实践探讨籼糯稻高产育种的主攻方向。结果表明：早籼糯各产量性状除生育期、结实率外均与产量呈极显著或显著正相关，株高、穗长与每穗粒数之间的相关分别达极显著、显著水平，有效穗数对产量贡献最大(46.41%)，其次为每穗粒数(34.16%)；晚籼糯的每穗粒数、有效穗数与产量的正相关分别达极显著、显著水平，株高与每穗粒数、穗长之间的相关也达显著水平，每穗粒数对产量贡献最大(38.80%)，其次为有效穗数(33.80%)。并根据试验结果和育种实践，提出早籼糯稻的育种主攻方向是在一定千粒重基础上重点提高有效穗数，并通过适当提高株高、穗长来增加每穗粒数；晚籼糯稻育种主攻方向是在一定有效穗数的基础上着重提高每穗粒数，并通过增加植株高度来提高穗长和每穗粒数。

Yield Traits and Breeding Analysis of Indica Glutinous Rice

In order to improve breeding and cultivation level and efficiency of conventional indica glutinous rice,the effect and relationship between yield traits of 40 early indica glutinous rice and 61 late indica glutinous rice new strain and variety were studied by correlation and path analysis,and combines breeding practice explore the major direction of indica glutinous rice breeding about high-yield.The results showed that: the yield of early indica glutinous rice were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with the yield traits besides growth period and seed setting rate,the grain number per spike between plant height and panicle length had reached extremely significantly and significant levels respectively,the effective panicle number contributed most to the yield(46.41%),the grains per spike ranked next(34.16%);the yield of late indica glutinous rice were extremely significantly and significant positively correlated with grains per spike and effective panicle number respectively,significant correlation between plant height and grains per spike,panicle length also,the grains per spike contributed most to the yield(38.80%),the effective panicle number ranked next(33.80%).According to the test results and breeding practice,put forward that the major aspect of early indica glutinous rice breeding should focus on increasing effective panicle number based on a certain 1000-grain weight was,and increase grains per spike by improving plant height and panicle length;emphasized on increasing grains per spike based on a certain effective panicle number was the major aspect of late indica glutinous rice breeding,and increased grains per spike and panicle length by improving plant height.