静宁县苹果园施肥管理存在问题及对策分析

静宁县是国家农业部划定的黄土高原优质苹果产区,本文总结了静宁县苹果园施肥中的主要做法,即通过加强测土采样,摸清全县果园土壤肥力状况;抓好试验示范,优化配方施肥;着力构建推广测土配方施肥的长效机制,转变农业生产方式;加强服务能力建设,促进果园测土配方施肥技术推广。通过走访和田间调查,对静宁县果园施肥情况进行了全面地了解和深入地分析,指出了存在的问题:重视化肥、轻视有机肥;重视大量元素、轻视中微量元素;施肥时期不当、肥料利用率低;盲目施肥现象严重。针对当前的苹果园施肥问题,提出了相应的对策和建议,为推动苹果主导产业的发展奠定基础。

Problems and Countermeasures in Fertilization Management of Apple Orchard in Jingning County

Jingning county is a high-quality apple production area of the Loess Plateau designated by the ministry of agriculture.This paper summarized the main methods of fertilization in apple orchard of Jingning county.Through strengthening soil sampling,the soil fertility of orchard in the whole county was found out.The experiment and demonstration were well done,and the formula fertilization was optimized.Strive to build a long-term mechanism for popularizing soil testing and formula fertilization,and change the mode of agricultural production.Strengthen the construction of service capacity and promote the popularization of soil testing and formula fertilization technology in orchard.Through visiting and field investigation,the fertilization situation in Jingning orchard was comprehensively understood and deeply analyzed,and the existing problems were pointed out,such as attaching importance to chemical fertilizer,neglecting organic fertilizer,attaching importance to a large number of elements,neglecting medium and micro elements;improper fertilization period,low fertilizer utilization rate,and blind fertilization.In view of the current fertilization problems in apple orchard,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward,which laid a foundation for promoting the development of apple industry.