黑龙江省粳稻品种的品质现状与评价

通过2005~2007年的试验,研究了包括可见/近红外光谱、粘度谱特征值和质地谱特征值等现代检测技术与米饭食味的相关性,初步建立了粳稻食味快速评价体系,利用该评价体系对黑龙江省2007年收获的28个粳稻主栽品种进行了评价。并对28个品种的品质性状进行相关性分析和系统聚类分析,其综合品质由高到低分成四类,依次为:第Ⅰ类、第Ⅱ类、第Ⅲ类、第Ⅳ类。其中第Ⅰ类和第Ⅱ类,包括上育397、五优稻1号、五优稻3号、五优稻4号、龙稻3号、龙粳14、龙粳17、龙粳20、绥粳4号、绥粳10号、松粳6号、牡丹江27、垦稻10号和空育131等品种,它们的综合品质性状较好。与日本越光、一目惚等品种的主要差距是,峰值黏度偏低,消减值偏高,硬度值偏高,质构特性的平衡性普遍较差。

Status and Evaluation of Japonica Rice Varieties Eating Quality in Heilongjiang Province

Through testing from 2005 to 2007, modern inspection techniques such as Visible near infrared spectra, characteristic values of RVA and Texture Analyzer had been studied. The rapid evaluation system of japonica rice was preliminary built. 28 main japonica rice varieties of Heilongjiang province harvested in 2007 were evaluated by this system. Correlation analysis and phylogenesis analysis to 28 varieties, comprehensive quality was divided into Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Ⅰ and Ⅱ include Shangyu No. 397, Wuyoudao No. 1, Wuyoudao No. 3, Wuyoudao No. 4, Longdao No. 3,Longjing 14,Longjing 20,Longjing 17,Suijing No. 4,Suijing No. 10, Songjing No. 6, Mudanjiang 27,Kendao No. 10, Kongyu 131, etc. Comprehensive quality of these varieties is better. The differences from japanese varieties Yueguang and Yimuhu are low peak viscosity, high setback value and bad balance of texture characteristics.