施用硅肥锌肥作基肥对稻瘟病发生的影响

稻瘟病是水稻生产上的主要病害。本研究旨在探索水稻减药增效的有效生产措施,选址于湖北水稻稻瘟病常重发区咸宁市崇阳县原种场,以硅肥和锌肥作基肥,设置单位施用量不同的8个处理研究硅肥和锌肥对稻叶瘟、稻穗瘟的控制作用及对水稻产量的影响。结果表明,相比不施硅肥锌肥作基肥的对照,各施用微肥处理对稻叶瘟和稻穗瘟的发生均有控制作用,混合施用硅肥锌肥作基肥(硅225 kg/hm~2+锌15 kg/hm~2)对稻叶瘟和稻穗瘟的控制作用最佳,防效分别达84.98%和75.65%,病指分别由21.70和15.05降至3.26和3.58;各微肥处理对产量均有不同程度的增产作用。综上,科学的硅肥处理不仅可有效地减少稻瘟病的发生,而且具有增产作用,可以作为水稻生产中减药增效的措施。

Silicon Fertilizer and Zinc Fertilizer as Base Fertilizer: Effect on Magnaporthe oryzae

Rice blast is a major disease in rice production. The purpose of this paper is to explore effective production measures to reduce pesticide input and increase efficiency of rice. The study is conducted in original seed field in Chongyang, Xianning where rice blast often occurred seriously. The authors set 8 different fertilizer units using silicon fertilizer and zinc fertilizer as base fertilizer to study the control effect on rice leaf blast and panicle blast and the influence on rice yield. The results showed that: all the treatments had control effect on rice leaf blast and panicle blast, compared with the control without silicon and zinc fertilizer application as base fertilizer, and the mixed application of silicon and zinc fertilizer as base fertilizer silicon fertilizer (225 kg/hm2)+ zinc fertilizer (15 kg/hm2)] had the best control effect on rice leaf blast and panicle blast with the control efficiency of 84.98% and 75.65%, respectively, and the disease index decreased from 21.70 and 15.05 to 3.26 and 3.58, respectively; all microelement fertilizers had yield increase effect of different degrees. In summary, this study shows that the rational silicon fertilizer treatment can not only reduce the occurrence of rice blast, but also increase rice yield, and can be used to reduce pesticide input and increase efficiency of rice.