流溪河入侵鱼类豹纹脂身鲶繁殖生物学研究

2015年12月-2016年10月,在广州市流溪河采集入侵鱼类豹纹脂身鲶(Pterygoplichthys pardalis)283尾用于繁殖生物学研究。结果显示:流溪河豹纹脂身鲶在3-9月性成熟系数较高。雄性最小性成熟个体体长204mm,体重154.88 g;雌性最小性成熟个体体长201 mm,体重183.01 g;最早性成熟年龄均为1龄。其平均成熟卵径为1.87 mm,绝对繁殖力为636-6 148粒,平均绝对繁殖力为2 524.49粒,平均相对繁殖力为10.43粒/g。绝对繁殖力与体长和体重呈显著的正相关。繁殖群体性比为(♀∶♂)为1∶1.15,符合1∶1比例。卵径分布为单峰型。研究表明豹纹脂身鲶具有性成熟早、繁殖力高等特征,有利于其在分布区域迅速建群扩张,并对河流生态系统形成危害。

Reproductive biology of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in the Liuxi River

To study reproductive biology of an invasive fish species, Pterygoplichthys pardalis, 283 specimens were collect-ed from December 2015 to September 2016 in the Liuxi River, Guangzhou city. Sexual maturity coefficient of P. pardalis was relative high from March to September. The minimum size of mature male was 204 mm, and the minimum body weight was 154. 88 g. The minimum size and weight of mature female were 201 mm and 183. 01 g, respectively. The minimum age at maturity was age 1 for male and female. The mean mature oocyte diameter was 1. 87 mm, and the absolute fecundity was 636-6148 eggs. The mean absolute fecundity was 2524. 49 eggs and the mean relative fecundity was 10. 43 eggs /g. Ab-solute fecundity positively correlated with body length and body weight. Sex ratio (♀:♂) of mature individuals was 1:1. 15, which accorded with the 1:1 ratio. These results suggested that P. pardalis matured at small size and age, with high fecundity in the Liuxi River, which may contribute to population establishment and spread, resulting in adverse impact on the freshwater ecosystem.