氮磷钾配施对景电灌区枸杞生长及产量的影响

采用5种氮磷钾施肥配比处理进行田间试验,以传统施肥配比为对照,通过对不同处理下枸杞春梢长度、粗度、冠幅的生长量、果实产量、百粒重的测定和分析,探索和筛选景电灌区枸杞高产、优质、高效生产的适宜氮磷钾施肥配比.结果表明:景电灌区盛果期枸杞养分管理中,不同氮磷钾配比处理对枸杞生长和果实产量与质量的影响差异较大;氮磷钾三元配施对春梢、冠幅生长及产量和百粒重的促进作用显著优于氮磷或氮钾二元配施;在一定氮素基础上,增施磷钾能极显著地促进春梢加粗、伸长生长和冠幅的扩大,也有利于果实产量和品质的提高;当单株年纯氮施用量为0.2 kg时,年生育期内盛果期枸杞高产、优质、高效生产的氮磷钾适宜施肥配比为:春梢生长期(4~6月)N∶P2O5∶K2O为∶0.5∶0.5,结果期(7~9月)N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶1∶1.

Effects of different ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the growth and yield of Lycium barbarum in the Jingtai irrigation region

Five-year-old full fruit period trees of Lycium barbarum were used as materials in this research.Through field trial,the effects of five different kinds of N,P,K ratio on the growth and yield of Lycium barbarum were studied.The results were as follows: compared with treatment of traditional fertilization(N∶P_2O_5 ∶K_2O = 1∶0.5∶0.25),the N-P-K fertilizer was significantly different to the N-P fertilizer or N K fertilizer on nutritional organ growth and yield of Lycium barbarum.Based on a certain N content,the proper increasing of P-K ratio obviously improved vegetative growth of Lycium barbarum.The phosphorus had significant effects on the new shoot growth,canopy expanding and ground diameter girth growth,while the potassium had extremely significant effect on new shoot growth.The ratio of N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O =1∶0.5∶0.5 could improve the nutritional growth and fruiting ability,the weight of one hundred dry fruit under this treatment was the highest,which was 4.2 % higher than CK,and the input-output ratio of the fertilizer was 1∶6.94,and this ratio was suitable for high yield and quality of Lycium barbarum in Jingtai electrical irrigation region.