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连续翻耕秸秆粉碎还田土壤物理性状及水稻产量
引用本文:孙国峰,陈留根,刘红江,张岳芳,盛婧,郑建初. 连续翻耕秸秆粉碎还田土壤物理性状及水稻产量[J]. 中国稻米, 2017, 0(4). DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.019
作者姓名:孙国峰  陈留根  刘红江  张岳芳  盛婧  郑建初
作者单位:1. 江苏省农业科学院循环农业研究中心,南京,210014;2. 江苏省农业科学院循环农业研究中心,南京210014;江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,南京210095
基金项目:农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503118-07)
摘    要:通过连续5年田间定位试验,研究了翻耕秸秆粉碎还田对稻麦两熟农田土壤物理性状、水稻产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,水稻收获时,翻耕秸秆粉碎还田处理能够有效降低耕层土壤容重、紧实度和土壤中固相部分所占比例,增加耕层土壤毛管孔隙度和土壤中气相部分所占比例。就水稻产量而言,翻耕秸秆粉碎还田处理较秸秆不还田处理有不同程度的提高,5年平均增产428 kg/hm~2,增幅为4.50%,主要是通过增加有效穗数和穗粒数来提高水稻产量。总之,本试验条件下,翻耕秸秆粉碎还田措施有利于改善耕层土壤物理结构,提高水稻产量。

关 键 词:稻麦轮作  容重  紧实度  毛管孔隙度  三相比  水稻产量

Effects of Consecutive Moldboard Plowing with Straw Chopping and Returning to Field on Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Rice
SUN Guofeng,CHEN Liugen,LIU Hongjiang,ZHANG Yuefang,SHENG Jing,ZHENG Jianchu. Effects of Consecutive Moldboard Plowing with Straw Chopping and Returning to Field on Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Rice[J]. China Rice, 2017, 0(4). DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.019
Authors:SUN Guofeng  CHEN Liugen  LIU Hongjiang  ZHANG Yuefang  SHENG Jing  ZHENG Jianchu
Abstract:Field experiments for five consecutive years were conducted to investigate the effects of moldboard plowing with straw chop-ping and returning to field on soil physical properties, grain yield and its component factors in the rice-wheat rotation system. The re-sults showed that moldboard plowing with straw returning (MPS) could reduce the soil bulk density, compactness and the proportion of solid phase, and which could increase soil capillary porosity and the proportion of liquid phase in the arable soil layer compared with moldboard plowing without straw(MP) at rice harvest. Moreover,the average rice yield of five years test of MPS treatment was in-creased by 428 kg/hm2 compared with MP treatment. The increase of yield was due to the increase of effective spike number per plant and grain number per spike. In all, under this experimental condition, the moldboard plowing with straw returning improved soil physi-cal structure of arable layer, and increased rice yield.
Keywords:rice-wheat rotation  bulk density  compactness  capillary porosity  three-phase ratio  grain yield
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