基于遥感与GIS的土地利用变化对生态服务价值的影响?

为了认识和理解土地利用变化对生态服务价值的影响，以1992、2000、2008年的Landsat TM影像为基础，应用遥感与GIS技术获取了土地利用信息，分析了双流县16年来土地利用/覆被变化，采用中国陆地生态系统的服务价值测算方法对区域土地利用类型的生态系统服务价值进行评估，为研究区土地持续利用和生态环境保护和建设提供参考。结果表明：（1）1992—2008年间双流县土地利用变化显著，耕地（水田）和林地分别减少28207.249 hm²和1752.915 hm²，建设用地（城镇、工矿交通用地）增加17034.99 hm²；土地利用类型主要由耕地（水田）和林地向建设用地（城镇、工矿交通用地）转移。（2）区域生态系统服务价值增加4508.859×104元，但不同时段变化趋势不同，其中1992—2000年的系统服务价值下降10.59%，而2000—2008年增加16.024%。（3）林地、耕地（水田和旱地）向建设用地（城镇、工矿交通用地）的转移导致生态系统服务价值减少，为负流向，总值分别达2197.233×104元、5317.460×104元。（4）生态价值系数变化变化对生态系统服务价值的变化缺乏弹性，相对敏感性为：林地＞耕地（水田和旱地）＞水域；土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值变化的影响，水域的影响最大，耕地（水田和旱地）和林地相对较小。

Effects of the Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Value Based on Remote Sensing and GIS

In order to research the effect of land use change on ecosystem service value, and provide the reference for land sustainable use and ecological environment protection, the land use information was extracted based on Landsat TM images from 1992-2008, following remote sensing and GIS in Shuangliu County, Sichuan Province. The land use/cover change in study area was analyzed for 16 years. The ecosystem service value as result of the regional land use change was evaluated by adopting the service value method in Chinese terrestrial ecosystem. The results showed that: (1) the land use change in Shuangliu County was significantly notable in 1992-2008. The area of cultivated land (paddy field and dry land) and forest land respectively was decreased by 28207.249 hm2 and 1752.915 hm2, respectively. Construction land area was increased with 17034.99 hm2. The cultivated land (paddy field) and forest land was converted to construction land (town land, industrial and mining land); (2) The regional ecosystem services value was increased by 4508.859×104 RMB yuan, but there was different change trend at different times, such as the ecosystem services value fell by 10.59% in 1992-2000, increase by 16.024% in 2000-2008; (3) The conversion from forest land and cultivated land (paddy field) to construction land (town land, industrial and mining land) caused a decline in the value of ecosystem services and negative flow, the total value was 2197.233×104 RMB yuan, 5 317.460×104 RMB yuan; (4) The coefficient change of ecological value on the ecosystem service value change was inelastic, the relative sensitivity of forest land was: forest land>cultivated land (paddy field and dry land)>water area. The impact of land use changed on regional ecosystem service value change, the most affected by water, arable land and forest land was relatively small.