城市景观安全格局及其预案研究——以厦门市为例

以ArcGIS、ENVI等为主要技术平台,采用＂斑块-廊道-基质＂的模式分析厦门市的景观安全格局,综合考虑自然因子和社会因子,并对不同的因子赋予不同的阻力值和权重,制定低安全水平格局的城市扩张优先发展预案、中安全水平格局的协调发展预案、高安全水平格局的生态保护优先预案3种城市扩张预案,利用最小累积阻力模型（MCR）分别建立3种预案的累积阻力表面,并对3种预案进行综合评价。结果显示：（1）3种安全水平的适宜城镇用地面积分别为694.87、575.1、454.96 km2,可提供新的城镇用地面积分别为433.12、313.12、193.21 km2;（2）随着安全水平的提高,适宜生态的用地逐渐增加,适宜城镇建设的用地逐渐减少;（3）低安全水平和中安全水平下的城市扩张预案均可满足厦门市＂十二五＂规划预测的2020年的城镇建设用地需求,高安全水平的城市扩张在生态优先保护的前提下,建设用地需做出让步。

Research of the Urban Landscape Security Pattern and Plan: An Example of Xiamen City

Taking ENVI and ArcGIS as the main technical platform and the landscape security pattern of Xiamen was analyzed by the ＂patch-corridor-matrix＂ mode. Taking natural factors and social factors into consideration, and giving the different factors different resistance value and weight, the three kinds of urban sprawl plan was made： urban sprawl preferred plan of low security level, coordinate development plan of medium security level and the plan of ecological conservation priority plan of high security level. The minimum cumulative resistance model（MCR） was applicated to establish respectively the cumulative resistance surface of three plans, and comparative impact evaluation for these plans were showed as follows：（1）The area suitable for urban land of three different security levels were 694.87 km2, 575.1 km2, 454.96 km2. The new land was provided new land for urban expansion area of approximately 433.12 km2, 313.12 km2, 193.21 km2.（2）With the security level development, the ecological land gradually increased, but suitable land for urban construction is being less.（3） The urban growth pattern based on low security level and medium security level can be both provided for the requirements of urban expansion land of Xiamen in ＂ Twelve-Five-Year ＂ plan for 2020 forecasts, and taking ecological protection for consideration priority the pattern of the high level of safety required of construction land need to make concessions.