基于AMMI模型的鲜食大豆百粒重基因型与环境效应研究

为明确鲜食大豆百粒重的基因型、环境的效应，本研究采用一年多点鲜食大豆百粒重田间试验，利用AMMI模型解析鲜食大豆为籽粒百粒重的基因型、环境效应及基因型与环境的互作效应。结果表明：鲜食大豆百粒重受环境、基因型、基因型与环境互作的极显著影响，基因型与环境间互作效应最大，其次为环境效应。根据AMMI模型获得的稳定性参数Di和相应的鲜食大豆百粒重综合分析：兴化豆618百粒重最高但环境变异最大，兴化豆618稳定性最高但百粒重较低，忠门试点鲜食大豆平均百粒重最高，稳定性参数Di最大，对百粒重的鉴别力最高，适合筛选高百粒重的品种区域试验地点。仅从品种选择实现百粒重高且稳定难度大，生产上应采取良种良法配套、选择适合环境、优化栽培措施等综合手段，才能最大程度提升百粒重。

Analysis of Genotypic and Environmental Effects on 100-seed Weight in Vegetable Soybean by AMMI Model

To specify the genotypic and environmental effects on hundred-seed weight in vegetable soybeans, the study conducted an one-year field experiment in multiple locations and adopted the AMMI model to explain the effects of genotypes, environments and their interactions on hundred-seed weight in vegetable soybeans. The results showed that the hundred-grain weight of vegetable soybeans was highly significantly affected by the environment, the genotype, and the genotype-environment interactions, among which the effect of genotype-environment interactions is the largest, followed by the environmental effects. Considering the stability parameter Di obtained from the AMMI model and the corresponding hundred-grain weight of vegetable soybean comprehensively, soybean Xinghua618 has the highest hundred-grain weight but the greatest environmental variation; vegetable soybean planted in the Zhongmen pilot field has the highest hundred-grain weight and stability parameter Di, indicating that the Zhongmen pilot field is effective in identifying hundred-grain weight and is suitable for selecting varieties with high hundred-grain weight. Since it is difficult to select varieties with both high hundred-grain weight and stability, measures, including combining outstanding varieties and effective methods together, selecting suitable environments and optimize cultivation methods should be taken comprehensively to increase hundred-grain weight to the greatest extent.