基于GIS的农村居民点空间分布特征研究----以扶余市为例

科学认识乡村地域结构是全面推进农业农村现代化和乡村振兴的基础。本文以扶余市第二次土地调查调数据为基础，借助ArcGIS空间分析软件，运用规模分析、核密度估算、缓冲区分析，从用地规模、分布格局与土地利用条件方面探讨扶余市农村居民点地域分异特征。研究表明：扶余市以微、小型居民点居多，居民点数量随着规模的增大逐渐减少，居民点之间的距离差异较大，总体呈现大散居、小聚居，不均匀分散分布；农村居民点的平均核密度为0.4个/km2，空间布局呈东南部高密度集聚成片，向西逐渐密度降低，西部零散错落分布；居民点分布呈现较强的城镇指向性，交通用地对居民点有集聚的作用，河流对微型居民点和大型居民点有集聚吸引的功能。

Study on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Rural Settlements in Fuyu City Based on GIS

Scientific understanding of rural territorial structure is the basis for promoting agricultural and rural modernization comprehensively and rural revitalization. Based on the data of the second land survey in Fuyu City,this paper uses ArcGIS spatial analysis software, explore the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in Fuyu City from the aspects of settlements scale, distribution pattern and land use conditions through scale analysis, kernel density analysis and buffer analysis. The results show that: Fuyu City is dominated by micro- and small-settlements, the number of settlements gradually decreases with the increase of settlements areas, and the distance between settlements varies greatly, characterized by scattered large settlements and concentrated small settlements, and unevenly dispersed distribution. The average nuclear density of rural settlements is 0.4 / km2, and the spatial layout is high-density agglomeration in the southeast, gradually decreasing to the west, and scattered in the west. The distribution of settlements shows strong directivity to towns, traffic land has a agglomeration effect on settlements, and rivers have the function of agglomeration to micro-settlements and large-settlements.