人工营养基质栽培薄皮甜瓜的效果研究

以玉米芯、草炭、土壤和膨化鸡粪为基质材料,设计4种不同配方(T1.玉米芯∶草炭=1∶1,T2.玉米芯∶草炭=2∶1,T3.玉米芯∶土壤=1∶1,T4.玉米芯∶土壤=2∶1),堆肥腐熟后,用于薄皮甜瓜的栽培,以纯土壤栽培为对照。研究不同配方基质的地温、保水性及其对甜瓜生育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,4个处理3月份的地温都比对照高3~4℃,但保水性不及对照;T 1、T 3和对照的营养生长较好;T1的产量最高,667 m2单位面积产量比对照增产30%,T2和T3的产量也分别较对照提高15%和16%;T1和T2品质最好,可溶性糖和vC含量均显著高于对照。综合来看,T1、T2和T3都是较好的甜瓜栽培基质,而T3成本最低,适宜在生产中推广应用。

A Study on the Artificial Nutrition Substrates of Melon Production

Four different types of substrates with corncob,peat,soil and chicken dung (T1.corncob peat=1:1,T2.corncob:peat=2:1,T3.corncob:soil=1:1,T4.corncob:soil=2:1) were used in melon culture in greenho use after composting,the control is soil culture.Their ground temperature,water retention and the effect son melon growth,yield and qualities were investigated.The results are as follows.The four treatments'' ground temperature is higher 3~4 than the control on March,but their water retention is inferior to control.The vegetative growth of T1,T3 and the control are better than T2 and T4.The 667 m² yield of T1 is the highest and higher 30% than the control,in addition,T2''s sand T3''s production also increased by 15% and 16%.Melon''s qualities of T1 and T2 were significantly improved,the content of soluble suger and vC is higher than control.On the whole,T1,T2 and T3 are the better substrates for melon culture,but T3''s cost is lowest in these three treatments.