泸沽湖省级自然保护区鱼类物种多样性调查研究

为对泸沽湖省级自然保护区的生物多样性及环境质量做出更好的评估,分别于2016年3月,6月,7月就其鱼类资源特点及其分布格局等开展了3次调查。结果表明,泸沽湖省级自然保护区记录鱼类6目8科15属17种,鲤形目鲤科鱼类种数最为丰富,共9种,占泸沽湖鱼类总种数的52.9%;土著鱼类仅2属4种,分别为泥鳅、厚唇裂腹鱼、宁蒗裂腹鱼、小口裂腹鱼。区系组成与云贵高原湖泊存在共同特点:种类贫乏,个体较小,生长稍慢。泸沽湖鱼类物种多样性匮乏、物种同域分化现象明显、鱼类特有性极强、物种群落脆弱性极高、物种组成自然性偏低。文中提出保护好鱼类产卵场,加强入湖河流的清淤治理,建立保育繁殖基地等保护策略。

Investigation on Fish Diversity in Luguhu Provincial Nature Reserve

The three surveys were carried out in March,June and July 2016 on the characteristics and distribution pattern of fish resources in Luguhu Provincial Nature Reserve to make a better assessment of the biodiversity and environmental quality.The results showed that 17 species of fishes belonging to 15 genera,8 families and 6 orders were recorded,and the Cyprinidae was the most abundant,with 9 species in total,accounting for 52.9%of the all fish species.There were only 4 species of native fishes in 2 genera,including Misgurnus anguillicaudatus,Schizothorax labrosus,Schizothorax ninglangensis,and Schizothorax microstomus.The characteristics of fish fauna in Lugu Lake were poor species,small individuals and slow growth,which were the same as the lake in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.The species diversity of Lugu Lake was deficient,the phenomenon of species differentiation in the same region was obvious,the uniqueness of fish was very strong,the species community was extremely vulnerable,and the natural composition of species was low.This paper put forward some protection strategies,such as protecting spawning grounds,strengthening the dredging of rivers entering the lake,and establishing conservation and breeding bases.