青海省以国家公园为主体建立自然保护地体系探析

分析青海省自然保护地体系及其基本特征,对自然保护地现状进行评价。结果显示:青海省自然保护地以国家公园和自然保护区为主,包含水利风景区、湿地公园、水产种质资源保护区、沙漠公园、森林公园、地质公园、风景名胜区等类型;管理体制存在生态保护多头管理、政出多门问题严重,政策法规和标准体系庞杂交叉甚至矛盾,土地权属复杂混乱等问题。提出自然保护地体系由以自然保护区为主体向以国家公园为主体转变;服从大局,整合资源,统一规划管理;尊重自然法则,实现严格保护和人与自然和谐共生的有效统一等建议。

Establishment of Natural Reserves System with National Park as the Leading Part in Qinghai Province

This paper analyzed the basic characteristics of natural reserves system and evaluates its current situation in Qinghai Province.The results showed that the nature reserves in Qinghai Province were mainly national parks and nature reserves,including water conservancy scenic spots,wetland parks,aquatic germplasm resources reserves,desert parks,forest parks,geological parks and scenic spots.Many problems existed in the management system,such as multiple management of ecological protection,numerous and even contradictory policies,regulations and standards,complicated and chaotic land property.It was suggested to change the priority of nature reserves system from nature reserves to national parks,integrate resources with unified planning and management,respect natural laws,and realize the effective unity of strict protection and harmonious coexistence of human and nature.