小麦植体营养平衡状态与氯铵效应

氯化铵作为小麦的氮肥施用,营养平衡时,其肥效与硫铵相近;小麦籽粒粗蛋白总量、面筋含量、蛋白质各组分含量亦差异不大。若麦体营养不平衡时,则氯铵肥效降低、吸氯量增加,氯毒害加重,明显影响小麦产量、品质及生长发育,且降低麦株对N.P.K的累积量。施入土壤中的氯化铵,约5-10%的氯为小麦吸收,约5%残留在耕层土壤中,余则在当季作物期间被淋洗。小麦吸收的氯主要分布在叶片和茎杆中,约占95%,很少向穗部运转。

THE STATUS OF NUTRIENTS EQUILIBRATION OF WHEAT AND THE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

In the regions of yellow brown earth, where the soil mainly lack ofphosphorous and nitrogen, the status of nutrients equilibration is NP>NPK>NK. Whenwheat nutrients are equilibrated, the fertilizer efficiency of ammonium chloride is about thesame as ammonium sulfate, and is less than it whereas the wheat nutrients are inequality.The higher chlorine is accumulated, the less nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium isaccumulated, the more serious the wheat is suffered from poison of chlorine.Simultaneously, the growth and development of wheat will be hindered obviously,especiously at the seedling stage, and then, the grain yield and quality of wheat can beaffected remarkably. Ammonium chloride is applied into the soil, about 5 to 10 percentwas absorbed as the nutrient of wheat, approximately 5 percent was remained in theplough layer, and the rest was diffused into the deep layer soil or washed away withwater. The chlorine absorbed by wheat, about 90 percent was distributed in the leavesand stems, and was scarcely accumulated in the roots or transported to the ears.