基于压力-状态-响应模型的天津市土地生态安全评价研究

从土地生态环境压力、土地生态环境状态和土地生态环境响应3个方面建立了基于压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型的天津市土地生态安全评价指标体系,综合评价了天津市2005年、2010年和2015年的土地生态安全情况。结果表明:天津市土地生态安全水平呈现出先恶化后改善的趋势。土地压力安全值处在全国平均水平以下,但压力安全值不断上升;天津市土地生态状态均处在全国的下游水平,且安全值呈不断下降趋势;天津市土地生态状态安全值较高,排在全国前列。天津市土地生态安全的主要问题在于人口增加、经济发展和污染造成的生态压力增大。提出了天津市未来应划定土地生态红线,加强土地资源管控立法,开展土地生态安全评价和预警工作,以降低人地矛盾,保障天津市土地资源的可持续发展。

Study on the Evaluation of Land Ecological Security in Tianjin Based on PSR Model

Land ecological security evaluation system of Tianjin was build based on the PSR model considering the 4 aspects from the land ecological pressure,land ecological condition,and land ecological response.The land ecological security condition of Tianjin in 2005,2010 and 2015 were evaluated.Results showed that the land ecological security value of Tianjin indicated a first decrease and then increase trend.The land ecological pressure value was lower than the average value of China,but the value was increasing.The land ecological condition rank of Tianjin was behind most provinces of China,and the value was continually decreasing.The land ecological response value was high in Tianjin,ranking in the front of China.The main problems leading to the land ecological security of Tianjin was the increasing population,economic development and pollution.Solutions such as delineating the ecological red line zone,quickening land resource related legislation and carrying on the land ecological security evaluation and early-warning were expected to ease the human-land conflict and realize the land resource sustainable development of Tianjin.