中国土地集约利用与区域生态效率耦合协调度时空格局

土地集约利用与区域生态效率的耦合协调发展对城市可持续发展和生态文明建设意义重大。该文采用熵权法和非期望产出的超效率SBM模型分别评价了2004—2016年中国284个地级市土地集约利用程度和区域生态效率;在此基础上,分别运用耦合协调度模型和空间自相关分析方法研究了两者耦合协调度及空间关联格局的时空演变特征。研究结果表明:当前中国城市土地集约利用与区域生态效率协调性整体处于轻度失调阶段,但耦合协调度随时间呈逐步增强态势。协调度空间分布整体呈现“东部和中部高,西部低”的格局,且随时间推移发生较小改变。全局空间自相关结果表明:耦合协调度存在显著空间正相关性,且随时间推移关联程度先增强后减弱。局部空间自相关结果显示:正相关类型高高集聚(HH)与负相关类型低高集聚(LH)主要分布在东部地区,而正相关类型低低集聚(LL)和负相关类型高低集聚(HL)主要分布在西部地区,其中,HH、LH和LL型主要以“组团”形式出现,聚集性强,HL型则散乱分布。随时间推移,除HL型外,其余类型空间分布的整体格局较为稳定。应制定科学的环境经济和环境技术政策,加强对城市的差异化监控与管理,合理进行分区管控并推进市域之间的技术与创新合作等来增强土地集约利用与区域生态效率的协调性,促进城市可持续发展。

Spatiotemporal pattern of coupling coordination degree between land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency in China

Abstract: There is a complex interaction mechanism between land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency, and research on their coupling coordination is of great significance to promote urban sustainable development and construction of ecological civilization. Based on the definition of land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency, this paper established an evaluation index system to measure land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency respectively. Firstly, the entropy weight method and the non-expected output super-efficient SBM model were employed to evaluate and measure the land intensive use degree and regional ecological efficiency of 284 prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2016 in China respectively. Secondly, the coupling coordination degree model was adopted to evaluate their coordination degree, and the paper analyzed the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of coupling coordination degree.The spatial auto-correlation method was employed to measure the spatial correlation pattern of the coupling coordination degree between intensive land use and regional ecological efficiency. The results showed that the coordination of land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency of prefecture-level city was in a mild imbalance stage at present in the whole, and the coupling coordination degree between the two increased over the time.The spatial distribution of the coordination between land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency showed a pattern of "higher in the mid and east, lower in the west"; and the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination degree between the two had little transformation over the time.The global spatial auto-correlation results showed that there was a significant positive correlation of the coupling coordination degree between land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency, and the correlation degree between the two increased first and then weakened over the time.The results of local spatial auto-correlation analysis showed that there were four types of the coordination spatial association between land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency, these were the spatial positive correlation type including high-high aggregation (HH) and low-low aggregation (LL) and the spatial negative correlation type including high-low aggregation (HL) and low-high aggregation (LH).The results showed that spatial positive correlation type of HH and LH were mainly distributed in the east, and the spatial negative correlation type of HL and LL were mainly distributed in the middle region,the types of HH,LH and LL emerged as the shape of cluster and always had a powerful agglomeration, and the LH type distributed discretely; except for the HL type, the overall pattern of the spatial distribution of the other types were stable over the time relatively and only the number increased or decreased partially. The major findings derived from the study can be summarized as follows: it is necessary to implement scientific environmental economic and environmental technology policies, strengthen differentiated monitoring and management of cities, carry out district management and control rationally and promote technical and innovation cooperation between cities. Only in this way, can we enhance the coordination of land intensive use and regional ecological efficiency, then promote the sustainable development of the cities.