利用GRACE卫星研究河南省水储量时空变化特征

目的]分析河南省2002—2014年的水储量时空动态变化,为该省水资源管理、评价及可持续发展提供依据。方法]借助GRACE重力卫星反演河南省水储量变化,分析2002—2014年水储量时空动态变化过程及其影响因素。结果](1)河南省的水储量年内分布呈典型的"余弦函数曲线"特征,1—7月处于亏损状态,8—12月处于盈余状态;水储量变化峰值出现时间滞后降水峰值2个月。(2)河南省水储量观测期内呈递减趋势,递减速率为-6.34mm/a;空间上,水储量减少速率自南向北递增。结论]通过定量计算人类活动总耗水量及水储量年变化率可初步推断,河南省水储量变化1/3受人类活动影响,2/3受自然因素影响。

Terrestrial Water Storage Changes of He'nan Province from GRACE Satellite

Objective] Studying the spatio-temporal variations of water storage in He''nan Province to provide a theoretical basis for the rational planning of agricultural development. Methods] The spatio-temporal variations of terrestrial water storage changes(TWSC) of He''nan Province were derived from GRACE during 2002-2014, and the influence factors were analyzed. Results] (1) The annual variation of TWSC in He''nan Province presented a cosine-shaped curve, in a loss state between January and July, and getting surplus between August and December. The lag time between the peaks of TWSC and precipitation was two months. (2) He''nan TWSC presented a decreasing trend during the observation period at a rate of-6.34 mm/a. Geographically, the reduction rate of water reserves was higher at the south part than that at the north part. Conclusion] Through quantitatively calculation of the annual variation ratio of total water consumption of human activities and TWSC, it can be concluded that about 1/3 variation of water storage in He''nan Province is contributed by human activities, and the other part, about 2/3 of the variation came from natural factors.