芝麻产量相关性状与SSR标记的关联分析

为挖掘控制芝麻产量相关性状的基因位点，本研究利用多态性较高的７２个ＳＳＲ标记，对来自国内外９６ 份芝麻品种资源进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析，在此基础上采用ＴＡＳＳＥＬ３．０软件的ＭＬＭ （ＭｉｘｅｄＬｉｎｅａｒ Ｍｏｄｅｌ）方法对株高、株蒴数、每蒴粒数、蒴长、蒴宽、千粒重、始蒴部位、空稍尖８个产量相关性状进行ＳＳＲ标记的关联分析。结果表明：７２个标记共检测出４４６个等位变异，变异范围为２～１４个，平均６．２个；引物的多态性信息含量（ＰＩＣ）变异范围为０．２４２１～０．８２１０，平均为０．５４０７；基因多样性指数的变异范围在０．５５０４～０．９８９７，平均值为 ０．７４７７。群体遗传结构分析将供试材料分为３个亚群。关联分析结果显示，５１个标记位点与株高、蒴长、每蒴粒数、始蒴部位、空稍尖显著关联，各标记对表型变异的解释率在１３．２９％ ～３２．０８％。有５个位点在多个环境或均值 下被重复检测到，是较为稳定等位变异，如与株高相关联的位点Ｈｓ１７７５－Ａ２、ＳＩＭ２０１－Ａ１；与每蒴粒数、始蒴部位和株蒴数分别关联的标记位点Ｈｓ１５１４－Ａ１、ＳＩＭ００４－Ａ３和ＳＩＭ００２－Ａ１。

Genetic diversity and association mapping between SSR markers and yield traits in sesame

 Sesame is an important traditional oil crop. In order to explore the gene loci controlling of yield-related traits, we screened a total of 72 SSR markers to evaluate the diversity and population structure among 96 varieties of sesame seeds from home and abroad. Through analyzing population structure，association analysis between SSR markers and 8 yield traits including plant height (PH), height of stem from base to first capsule (SH), seed numbers per Capsule (SC), capsule width (CW), capsule length (CL), yellow pointed (YP), capsule numbers per plant (CP) and 1000-grain weight (PH) were performed using TASSEL MLM (Mixed Linear Model) programs. The result showed followings: (1) A total of 446 alleles were found, and the average alleles per locus were 6.2, which varied from 2 to 14. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.2421 to 0.8210，with an average of 0.540 7. The gene diversity index ranged from 0.5504 to 0.9897, with a mean of 0.7477.(2). The analysis of population genetic structure divided the experimental materials into three subgroups. (3) Association analysis found that there were 51 markers associated with 5 yield traits, with the rate of phenotypic variation explained from 0.1329 to 0.3208. Among them, 5 loci were associated with the same trait in multiple environments or using the average values, which were more stable alleles, for example, SSR loci Hs1775-A2 and SIM201-A1, which were associated with the height of the plant (PH). The marker sites Hs1514-A1, SIM004-A3 and SIM002-A1 associated with the seed number per capsule (SC), the height of stem from base to first capsule (SH) and capsule numbers per plant (CP), respectively.