Mechanisms involved in the biological control ofBotrytis cinerea incited diseases |
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Authors: | Yigal Elad |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Pathology, ARO, The Volcani Center, 50520 Bet Dagan, Israel |
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Abstract: | Mechanisms involved in the biological suppression of infection and inoculum potential ofBotrytis cinerea are numerous and variable and the involvement of two or more mechanisms has been demonstrated in several systems. Reported combinations include antibiosis with enzyme degradation ofB. cinerea cell walls; competition for nutrients followed by interference with pathogenicity enzymes of the pathogen or with induced resistance; and alteration of plant surface wettability combined with antibiosis. Since germinatingB. cinerea conidia are dependent on the presence of nutrients, competition for nutrients is regarded as important in systems where biocontrol is involved. Conidial viability and germination capacity are also potentially affected by the presence of antibiotics produced by biocontrol agents and present in the phyllosphere. Slower in action are mechanisms involving induced resistance in the host plant and production of hydrolytic enzymes that degradeB. cinerea cell walls. The latter has been demonstrated much more convincinglyin vitro than in the phyllosphere. Biocontrol in established lesions and reduction of sporulation on necrotic plant tissues is a means to minimize the pathogen inoculum.Abbreviations BCA
bio-control agent
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Bc
Botrytis cinerea
- PG
polygalacturonase
- PL
Pectin lyase
- PME
Pectin methyl esterase
- PR
pathogenesis related
- VPD
vapour pressure deficit |
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Keywords: | antibiosis attachment bio-control competition germination hydrolytic enzymes induced resistance mycoparasitism pathogenesis pathogenicity related sclerotium sporulation survival wettability |
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