唐菖蒲体细胞胚起源、发育的形态与组织细胞学观察

 以唐菖蒲‘Advanced Red’品种的籽球为试验材料，将籽球切片放在MS + 6.0 mg · L^-1 TDZ培养基上暗培养21 d，诱导胚性愈伤组织；将胚性愈伤组织转入MS + 1 mg · L^-1 2,4-D培养基中暗培养28 d诱导体细胞胚。使用立体显微镜和石蜡切片技术对体胚形态与细胞组织进行观察。结果表明：体胚诱导14 d后，开始出现一些胚性细胞，之后形成多个细胞组成的原胚（pre-embryonic cell complexes），原胚进而发育形成球形、盾形，心形、鱼雷形胚和子叶期胚。将成熟的体胚转入MS培养基后长出不定根和不定芽，形成完整的植株。唐菖蒲体胚的起源有外起源和内起源两种方式。在初生体胚发育过程中还伴有次生胚的形成。

Morphological and Histological Observation of Somatic Embryogenesis in Gladiolus hybridus

Cormlet slices of Gladiolus cultivars‘Advanced Red’were cultured on MS media with 6.0 mg · L^-1 TDZ to induce embryonic callus. After 21 days under dark treatment，the callus were transferred to MS media with 1 mg · L^-1 2,4-D for inducing somatic embryogenesis under dark treatment of 28 days. The morphology and histology of somatic embryogenesis were observed by stereomicroscope and Paraffin technology. The results showed that embryonic cells did occur in darkness after 14 days and formed pre-embryonic cell complexes，which had the capacity of developing into globular，shield-shaped，heart，torpedo and single-cotyledon embryo. When matured somatic embryos were transferred into MS media，adventitious shoots and roots in plantlets developed. The somatic system included exogenous and endogenous origins，secondary somatic embryos were regenerated on primary ones.