胡杨嫁接繁殖研究初报

以小美旱、新疆杨、二白杨、柳树为砧木,采用“炮捻”劈接以及“T”字型、方块型、“舌”型芽接方式就嫁接繁殖胡杨技术进行了试验研究,选择确定小美旱是胡杨嫁接繁殖的优良砧木,而“舌”型芽接是最佳的嫁接方式,其平均成活率可达86.3%。进一步在不同时期进行“舌”型芽接,证明8月中、下旬为胡杨芽接的适宜时期,适时嫁接成活率高达94%,一般可保证成活率在80%以上。有关研究结果表明,通过嫁接技术可以解决胡杨无性繁殖难题,从而使生长与形质俱佳的胡杨优良无性系应用于林业生产,这对于保护胡杨优良基因资源、改善西部生态环境以及开发与利用盐碱地资源等具有重要意义。

Preliminary Studies on Grafting Propagation of Populus Euphratica

Experiments were conducted to study the effects of cleft grafting、T-budding、patch budding and whipor tongue grafting using P.simonii×(P.pyramidalis +Salix matsudana)、P.bolleanaLauche、P.gansuensisC Wang et H L Yangand Salix matsudanaas rootstocks. The resultsindicated that P.simonii×(P.pyramidalis +Salix matsudana) was the optimum rootstocks. Whipor tongue budding was the most appropriate style of budding,giving a higher survival rate(86.3%) than others. Further studies on whipor tongue budding in different times were carried out. Results showed that the best time of budding was within the middle ten days or the last ten days of August. The highest survival rate of budding was 94.0% in appropriate time. Common survival rates were beyond 80%. Many studies indicatedthat it was possibleto solve the problem of vegetative propagation in Populus euphraticaby grafting technique. Then good clones could come into use. It would play importantroles in conserving genetic resources of Populus euphratica、improving ecological environment of northwest China、reclaiming and utilizing saline soil.